[10] The exact number of cases which qualify as primary states is not clearly known because of limited information about political organization before the development of writing in many places,[11] but Sandeford lists ten likely cases of primary state formation in Eurasia, the Americas, and the Pacific. Other theories contend that the state in Europe was constructed in connection with peoples from outside Europe and that focusing on state formation in Europe as a foundation for study silences the diverse history of state formation. “The report correctly noted that states creation would in fact not be a solution to the fears of minorities, as additional states may not guarantee the creation of another minority group in the new states. [42] Often dated to the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, there began to be the development in Europe of modern states with large-scale capacity for taxation, coercive control of their populations, and advanced bureaucracies. This page was last edited on 7 September 2020, at 01:27. [18] The theories largely focus on the development of agriculture, and the population and organizational pressure that followed and resulted in state formation. [21] The theory was most significantly detailed Karl August Wittfogel's argument that, in arid environments, farmers would be confronted by the production limits of small-scale irrigation. They insist that states’ creation should not be a priority project because every new state will mean an extra burden on the Federation Account, as some of them may not be self-sustaining. / What A Shame To Nigeria As Andy Uba Nominated As Fct Minister / Cbn Directive: Uba Names Philip Oduoza New Md, Links: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10). These included feudal lords, empires, religious authorities, free cities, and other authorities. Early state formation causation can thus include borrowing, imposition, and other forms of interaction with already existing states. "[1] The study of state formation is divided generally into either the study of early states (those that developed in stateless societies) or the study of modern states (particularly of the form that developed in Europe in the 17th century and spread around the world). (2) (3) (4), Atiku In Early Lead. As states in Africa were formed out of decolonization and born in an international system that respected the sovereignty of international borders, this meant that the threat of territorial conquest, which highlighted the European statebuilding experience, was absent from Africa. Primary states are those state societies that developed in regions where no states existed before. This is due to the differences in the state building experience between Europe and Africa. Charles Tilly developed an argument that the state developed largely as a result of "state-makers" who sought to increase the taxes they could gain from the people under their control so they could continue fighting wars. The Consequences Of State Creation On Igbos, Borgu Leaders Meet Buhari, Demand State Creation (photos). “ My suggestion is that we maintain the present number of states since collapsing them is unlikely, while creating several functional local governments.’’. They add that the administration of Gen. Sani Abacha created additional six states in 1996, which brought the current number of states to 36. [6] A 2017 study which tests the predictions of warfare theories of Tilly and others found that the predictions do not match the empirical record. Examples of early states which developed in interaction with other states include the Aegean Bronze Age Greek civilizations and the Malagasy civilization in Madagascar. Such notions make the state appear to be something metaphysical or adventitious, and thus place it beyond scientific understanding. Similarly, there have been requests for the creation of Tiga out of Kano State; Karadua and Kafur from Katsina State; Lagoon from Lagos State; Oke-Ogun and Ibadan out of Oyo State; Kwararafa from Taraba and Amana out of Borno. Such explanations are not considered sufficient to explain the formation of the state. However, those in support of the creation of more states apparently appear to have superior arguments to the reasons adduced by those against it. [16], There are a number of different theories and hypotheses regarding early state formation that seek generalizations to explain why the state developed in some places but not others. [40] In addition to conquest, some theories contend that the need for defense from military conquest or the military organization to conquer other peoples is the key aspect leading to state formation. The argument is that such pressures result in integrative pressure for rational people to unify and create a state. They recall that although former President Shehu Shagari initiated a move for the creation of 30 additional states through the machinery of the National Assembly; the move was scuttled, following the 1983 military intervention. A number of different theories rely on conflict, dominance, or oppression as a causal process or as a necessary mechanism within certain conditions and they may borrow from other approaches. Nairaland - Copyright © 2005 - 2020 Oluwaseun Osewa. However, state formation became a primary interest in the 1970s. [56], Stein Rokkan and others have argued that the modern territorial state developed in places that were peripheral to the commercial "city belt" ("a central regional band extending, roughly, in an arc from the Low Countries, through the Rhineland and into Northern Italy") that ran through Central Europe. [54] [58] Most explicitly, some studies emphasize how the creation of national identification and citizenship were crucial to state formation. Other aspects are highlighted in different theories as of contributing importance. Nairaland Forum / Nairaland / General / Politics / Why The Politics Of State Creation In Nigeria? [57], Some scholarship, linked to wider debates in anthropology, has increasingly emphasized the state as a primarily cultural artifact, and focuses on how symbolism plays a primary role in state formation.
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