Australian urbanites are regularly using nearby supermarkets as the ‘local fridge’, making 3-4 trips per day. Macquarie University provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU. The effect of this reduction in labour is compounded by high average incomes in Australia, affecting Australian agricultural competitiveness in the global market. Australia’s stable investment climate and geographical proximity to Asian markets are key drivers for opportunities in the sector. Our mission is to connect, inform and inspire the industry by being the leading source of news, information, events, education and products. This will increase the pressure on food access and nutrition in the aged care sector, and the demand on health care and other service providers. Australia’s demographic transition to an older, more ethnically diverse and increasingly urban population will shape the nation’s food demand profile to 2050. The fourth Intergenerational Report, released late last week, projected Australia’s population to be growing – to 39.7 million – and ageing, with the above-65 age group rising to 22.5% by 2054-55. Future reports should incorporate more discussion of the challenges posed by the population size trajectories they project, how best to accommodate growth and the desirability and feasibility of changing the course of population growth. 4 Projections of Australia’s Population 21 4.1 Which Areas are Projected to Grow Fastest? A recently released IPCC report serves as a reminder of the threats Australia faces from rising temperatures to 2050 and beyond. In China, meat consumption has grown from 4kg to 54kg per person per year, in the 50 years up to 2010. Without an increase in R, D & E, Australia will fall behind competitors, whose governments have placed a greater emphasis on public investment in agriculture. According to the latest figures released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australia's population grew by 1.6 per cent during 2018 reaching 25.2 million people. The report assumes immigration will be lower than recent departmental forecasts. Reductions in public agricultural research and development funding since the early 2000s, have left Australia on the back foot in responding to emerging demand. To reach government targets for export growth, and also maintain domestic self-sufficiency, Australian farmers must improve their productivity and competitiveness in the global market. It is recognised that growing food demand in the region has the potential to increase agriculture’s share of the national GDP in the post-mining boom economy. Any opinions or views expressed in this paper are those of the individual author, unless stated to be those of Future Directions International. Global diets and crop selection are becoming increasingly homogeneous in line with demand for these products. Between 2015 and 2055, the vast majority of the additional population which would result from higher immigration will still be below the retirement age. To meet increasing domestic demand, while maintaining export targets, it is crucial that key resources, including labour, are available. If you want to fix the ageing demographic, that’s what you do. In doing so, we believe we will empower our community to make better decisions that will result in better outcomes for the built environment. Beyond 2055, progressively larger shares of migrants and their descendants will enter older age. This heightens the need to improve the agricultural supply chain (including roads and other infrastructure), because the current inefficiencies limit productivity. An ageing and growing population Australia’s population is ageing (Chart 1). Write an article and join a growing community of more than 114,900 academics and researchers from 3,734 institutions. Suite 5, 202 Hampden Road, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia. This appears at odds with former treasurer Peter Costello’s playful urging to Australians in 2004: You should have one [child] for the father, one for the mother and one for the country. Net internal and overseas migration estimates by region (SA2 and above) and age, 2016-17 onwards . The percentages of GDP spent on health, aged care and pensions would be lower compared to under lower migration, according to the report. Regional Internal Migration. The current food agenda in Australia focuses on the potential to capitalise on increasing food demand in Asia. The Treasury estimated in 2012 that the share of the agricultural sector in the national GDP could double by 2050, from 2.5 per cent to 5 per cent. The rising price of energy commodities continues to increase costs to the domestic food system, and exporters. Australian dairy producers, for example, missed out on a key opportunity for gaining market share in China after the 2008 Melamine scare; allowing New Zealand, which has had a Free Trade Agreement with China since 2008, to fill the gap. By contrast, population growth in South Australia and Western Australia was 0.8 per cent and 0.9 per cent respectively in the 2018 calendar year. The DAFF National Food Plan White Paper, produced by the previous government, estimates that agricultural productivity will need to improve by 30 per cent to reach the government’s target of a 45 per cent increase in the value of agriculture and food related exports to Asia within ten years. Australia’s advantages the production of key food products, such as beef, wheat and dairy, resulted from the government’s key focus on research and development in the agricultural sector from the early 1950s. Urban food consumption, and its integration with the modern retail and hospitality sectors, is also predisposed to issues of food waste. The top five partners of Australia’s food imports are New Zealand, the U.S, China, Singapore and Thailand. Demand for dairy products in Australia has also increased steadily over the last five years, establishing Australia as a high consumer these goods, compared to other nations. Under current conditions, however, there will, be challenges in ensuring domestic food security, while continuing to expand export markets. Current energy, water and land scarcities all limit the capacity for growth in Australia’s agricultural sector. Our vision is to grow a global network of people and businesses that are contributing to the development of smart and sustainable cities around the world. Pressure on water resources may, by 2050, prove to be insurmountable without the construction of major public infrastructure projects. Prime Minister Abbott’s recently completed trade mission to North Asia concluded negotiations with Japan over a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and signed an FTA with South Korea. The Intergenerational Report’s projected benefit to GDP per capita from the age-structure-related consequences of higher immigration would have been diminished, and the cost of higher fertility increased, by the trend towards a later pattern of workforce participation and the measures to reduce ageing-related costs which it illustrates. Government funding for agricultural research, development and education (R, D & E) was approximately $700 million over the 2011-12 financial year, amounting to 2.4 per cent of agricultural GDP for that year. In a speech at The Australian’s Global Food Forum earlier this month, VISY Executive Chairman Anthony Pratt warned that Australia continues to lose ground to more aggressive competitors, and has less than five years to capitalise on the opportunity to become a food bowl for Asia. Chicken consumption has been spurred by the availability of low cost, fast food options for consumers. Associate Professor in Demography, Macquarie University. Australia’s increasingly ethnic demographic is diversifying demand for a wider food range, including imported and processed fruit and vegetable products, halal-certified goods and alternate cuts of meat.
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