neoclassical architecture terminology

Sometimes it is also referred to as Neo-Historicism/Revivalism, Traditionalism or simply neoclassical architecture like the historical style. In Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. In Scotland and the north of England, where the Gothic Revival was less strong, architects continued to develop the neoclassical style of William Henry Playfair. At the forefront of the new school of design was the aristocratic "architect earl", Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House. Built between 1914-22 by architect Henry Bacon, the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. took inspiration from ancient Greece, the birthplace of democracy, to honor an American president recognized for his devotion to its principles. Hitler commissioned his favourite architect, Albert Speer, to plan a re-design of Berlin as a city comprising imposing neoclassical structures, which would be renamed as Welthauptstadt Germania, the centrepiece of Hitler's Thousand Year Reich. An early example of the Italianate neoclassical interior design in Russian architecture. This broad use of the term is employed by Sir John Summerson in The Classical Language of Architecture. Today, there is a small revival of Classical Architecture as evidenced by the groups such as The Institute of Classical Architecture and Classical America. The antiquities of Herculaneum showed that even the most classicising interiors of the Baroque, or the most "Roman" rooms of William Kent were based on basilica and temple exterior architecture turned outside in, hence their often bombastic appearance to modern eyes: pedimented window frames turned into gilded mirrors, fireplaces topped with temple fronts. The style was expressed in the shape of main public buildings, such as the University's Observatory, Vilnius Cathedral and the town hall. Neoclassicism continued to be a major force in academic art through the 19th century and beyond—a constant antithesis to Romanticism or Gothic revivals— although from the late 19th century on it had often been considered anti-modern, or even reactionary, in influential critical circles. He built the Prado Museum, that combined three functions: an academy, an auditorium, and a museum in one building with three separate entrances. He also designed several summer houses for the kings in El Escorial and Aranjuez and reconstructed the Plaza Mayor, Madrid, among other important works. Neoclassical architecture refers to a style of buildings constructed during the revival of Classical Greek and Roman architecture that began around 1750 and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. [6], The Blue Salon of the Château de Compiègne from Compiègne (France), an example of an Empire interior, Two windows with pediments of a house from downtown Bucharest (Romania), The Academy of Athens, designed as part of an architectural "trilogy" in 1859 by the Danish architect Theophil Hansen, along with the University and the National Library, The Cantacuzino fountain from Bucharest, finished in 1870, Sketch of the entrance of the Legation of Saxony building, demolished in 1938 for the construction of the New Reich Chancellery, Interior of the Stieglitz Museum of Applied Arts in Saint Petersburg (Russia), built between 1885 and 1896, The Assan house from Bucharest, by Ion D. Berindey and built in the French Neoclassic between 1906 and 1914. Soviet neoclassical architecture was exported to other socialist countries of the Eastern Bloc, as a gift from the Soviet Union. Neoclassical architecture was the preferred style by the leaders of the National Socialist movement in the Third Reich, especially admired by Adolf Hitler himself. [10], London, New York City, Neoclassical architecture, Art Nouveau, Vernacular architecture, Turin, Bavaria, Saint Petersburg, Gothic architecture, Russia, Roman Empire, Athens, Philosophy, Plato, Classical Antiquity, Rome, Mannerism, Opera, Johann Sebastian Bach, Renaissance, Beaux-Arts architecture, Châteauesque, Neoclassical architecture, Washington, D.C., Tudor Revival architecture, New York City, New York, Washington, D.C., California, Chicago, Puerto Rico, Neoclassical architecture, Coffee, Segundo (Ponce), Art Nouveau, Neoclassical architecture, Unesco, Moravia, Valtice, Czech language, Sauk County, Wisconsin, National Register of Historic Places, Aldo Leopold Shack and Farm, Van Hise Rock, National Historic Landmark,